Possession - Demoniacal And Other

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POSSESSION DEMONIACAL AND OTHER AMONG PRIMITIVE RACES, IN ANTIQUITY, THE MIDDLE AGES, AND MODERN TIMES by T. K. OESTERREICH PROFESSOR AT THE UNIVERSITY OF TUBINGEN LONDON. Originally published in I930. Contents include; TRANSLATORS NOTE . . . . ix FOREWORD xi PART I THE NATURE OF THE STATE OF POSSESSION INTRODUCTION THE CONSTANT NATURE OF POSSESSION THROUGHOUT THE AGES ....... 3 CHAPTER I.

SOURCES . . . . . .12 II. THE EXTERNAL SIGNS OF POSSESSION . . 17 Changes in the physiognomy of the possessed, 17. Changes of voice, 19. Muscular strength, 22. Old descriptions, 25. III. THE SUBJECTIVE STATE OF THE POSSESSED . 26 i. THE SOMNAMBULISTIC FORM OF POSSESSION. Apparent substitution of the spiritual individuality oper ating in the organism, 26.

Examples of dialogues with possessing spirits, 29. Autobiography of one of these, 81. Somnambulistic possession without inner duplica tion, 32. Transformation of the personality, 34. The problem of division of the subject, 36. ii. THE LUCID FORM OF POSSESSION. Kemers and Eschenmayers cases, 40. The Janet-Ravmond case, 45.

Jeanne des Anges, 49. Father Surin, 51. Staudenmaier, 57. Caroline St., 61. Fritz Algar, 70. Montan, 75. Possession and obsession, 77 Temptations, 80. Transformations of lucid possession, 83. Jeanne des Anges, 86. IV. THE GENESIS AND EXTINCTION OF POSSESSION. EXORCISM . . . . . .91 Autosuggestion and compulsive processes, 91.

Fathers Surin, Tranquille, Lactance, 92. Kerners cases, 94. Causation of possession by medical treatment, 96. Ex pulsion of possessing spirits, 100. The magic papyrus of Paris, 101. The Manuale Exorcismorum, 102.-t-Exor cism in Japan, 107. Cure by simple autosuggestion, 108. vi CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE A modern psychological exorcism by P.

Janet, 109. The death through possession of Lactance, 117. Extension of the idea of exorcism, 119. Age and sex of the possessed, 121. Modern extensions of the idea of possession, 121. Un conscious possession, 123. Allied morbid states of the present day psychasthenia, 124. Acute hysterical attacks, 125.

History of psychic pathology, 128. PART II THE DISTRIBUTION OF POSSESSION AND ITS IMPORTANCE FROM THE STANDPOINT OF RELIGIOUS PSYCHOLOGY V. SPONTANEOUS POSSESSION PROPERLY SO CALLED AMONGST PRIMITIVE RACES . . 131 Possession in Africa, 132. Amongst the Kabyle, 132. In Central Africa, 133. In Abyssinia, 136.

In East Africa, 137. Amongst the Ba-Ronga of South-East Africa, 138. In South Africa, 143. In Asia, 145. Amongst the Bataks of the Malay Archipelago, 145. VI. SPONTANEOUS POSSESSION IN THE HIGHER CIVILIZATIONS . . . . .147 i. IN THE PAST 1. Antiquity. The region of the Tigris and Euphrates, 147. Ancient Egypt, 149.

Hellenistic Egypt, 151. Classical antiquity, 154. Primitive and classical Greece, 155. Late antiquity, 157. Early Christian times, 158. The Christians as exorcists, 164. Possession amongst the Jews, 168. The Old Testament Saul, 168. The time of Jesus, 169. The last days of Judaism, 170. Possession in Ancient India, 172. 2.

The Middle Ages. Cases from the life of St. Augus tine, 176.-Bernard of Clairvaux, 177. Henry the Saint, 183. The Kabbala, 185. In Syria, 185. In Northern Africa, 186. 3. Modern times. Luther, 186. The epidemics of posses sion, 187. The possessed and witches, 191. Zooan thrppy, 191. The Age of Enlightenment, 192.

The romantic period, 194. In France and England, 195. Russia, 196. Greece, 196. America, 197. ii. IN THE PRESENT. The Catholic attitude, 199. Protestantism, 202. Spirit ualism, 202. France, 202. Germany, 203. Russia, 203. The Jews of Eastern Europe, 206. America, 210. The Near East, 212. India, 213.

Siam, 217. Burmah, 218. China, 219. Japan, 224. Egypt, 230. Arabia, 231. Abyssinia, 234. CONTENTS vii CHAPTER PAGE VJI. ARTIFICIAL AND VOLUNTARY POSSESSION AMONGST PRIMITIVE PEOPLES. SO-CALLED SHAMANISM . . . . . .236 Autosuggestibility of primitive races, 236. Cases of death by autosuggestion, 238...